By Chaofen Sun
This pioneering paintings makes to be had the result of the latest research—not simply the author’s yet that of students everywhere in the world—on of the main mentioned issues within the historical past of chinese language: word-order swap and grammaticalization.
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Additional resources for Word-order change and grammaticalization in the history of Chinese
Sample text
In studying the co-referential properties of the complex predicate in Modem Mandarin, James Huang observes (1991a) that some complex predicates are best treated as transitive. For example, in (9a), without BA, it is the agent subject that is in control of the Pro in the resultative clause (9a), but with BA it is the NP that follows BA that is in control, not the subject of the matrix verb. (9) a. Zhang San, ku-de [Pro, tiao Ie qilai) NAME cry-DE Zhang San jump ASP up 'Zhang San cried so much that he jumped up: b.
It follows, then, that a temporally unbounded event does not accord with the BA construction. ' As was pointed out earlier, the way Y. R. Chao talked about transitivity was not explicit enough to explain the <;listributional properties of the BA construction. The notion of transitivity actually is far from being noncontroversial, and linguists working within a different theoretical framework may have ~ drastically different understanding of the term. ' "It reflects the idea that in an elementary example like Ed killed Bill the action 'goes across' from Ed to Bill" (Huddleston 1984: 190).
B. ' c. J:!. it!! ' . It is interesting to note that it is in early Middle Chinese, when the postverballocative YU began to decline, that YU indicating goal was beginning to be replaced by other words. Perhaps in late Old Chinese and early Middle Chinese there was already a strong tendency to avoid using postverbal YU. Thus, words like zai, zhe, and zhe appear in postverbal position in Middle Chinese to mark goals. 5. Summary In sum, PPs in Old Chinese can be either postverbal or preverbal, although the language on the whole was SVO.