By Thierry Meynard
Liang Shuming (1895-1988) is among the most vital chinese language philosophers in 20th century China. as a rule thought of to be a Confucian, or even the final Confucian, the writer argues that he was once in truth a Buddhist. Liang's techniques are analysed in the history of the highbrow debates on faith in republican China. He reshaped the Western inspiration of faith from the point of view of Yogācāra Buddhism. but, he recommended for the current time Confucianism because the moral faith that may lead finally to the Buddhist liberation. reading Liang's spiritual trust sheds new mild on his attention-grabbing existence, rather his involvement within the Rural Reconstruction circulate of the nineteen-thirties. It additionally explains why Liang used to be the one highbrow who dared to publically oppose Mao within the nineteen-sixties and seventies.
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Additional resources for The Religious Philosophy of Liang Shuming: The Hidden Buddhist
Sample text
Their unceasing flow is called a continuum. Why is there this unceasing flow, which creates a continuum? Because we never stop asking, never stop searching. Once there are questions, there are also corresponding answers to each. As a result, to this unceasing questioning there is an unceasing answering, which constitutes this endless flow of events. 23 21 While Wang Guowei translated it from English as yizhi 意志, Liang Shuming adopted yiyu. 22 See Lin Anwu, “Liang Shuming jiqi wenhua sanqi chongxianshuo 梁漱溟及其 文化三期重量說 [Liang Shuming and His Theory of the Reappearance of Three Cultural Periods: Analysis and Evaluation of Liang Shuming’s Eastern and Western Cultures and Their Philosophies],” in Dangdai xinrujia zhexue shilun 當代新儒家哲學史輪 [History of Contemporary Neo-Confucian Philosophy] (Taipei: Mingwen Shuju 明文書局, 1996), 110.
Liang stated that religion had two unique features: First, at the level of human reason, religion has a constant tendency to go against reason, which means leaning toward mystery and radical transcendence. Religion always establishes proofs that go beyond reason and against reason. Second, at the level of human emotion, religion constantly consoles and gives encouragement. When human emotions are shaken, and the will is weakened, religion reinvigorates, allowing life to continue. 34 Liang therefore claimed that all religions inevitably had two fundamental characteristics: they went beyond reason and provided psychological consolation.
While Western religion met the basic needs of collective life, and the Confucian “quasi-religion” dealt with the more sophisticated needs of moral life, in the true sense of the word, only Buddhism was a true religion, since it dealt with the question of transcendence.