By Dentroder W
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Extra resources for Laser Spectroscopy Second Enlarged Edition
Sample text
26 Spectroscopic Investigations of Collision Processes single spike is emitted exactly at the time when threshold population is reached. Measurements of this time and the shape of the pump light pulse yield the fluorescence lifetime of the upper laser level. 127 msecs for the 4F3/2-level o f Nd 3÷ in calcium tungstate. 4. Spectroscopic Investigations of Collision Processes Because of the relatively large population in excited atomic or molecular states attainable through excitation by lasers, even at moderate molecular concentrations, it is possible to study inelastic collision processes between definitely excited atoms or molecules and arbitrary collision partners by observing pressure-dependent changes in the fluorescence spectrum.
9), and this emits a wavelength continuum between 2 0 0 0 - 8 0 0 0 A having sufficient intensity to be used as lightsource for the analysing pulse. Its pulse duration, as well as the spectral intensity distribution, depends on the gas used in the cell. With 1 atmosphere oxygen, for instance, the pulsewidth is 30 nsec. One advantage of this method is the automatic synchronization of both pulses to within a few nanoseconds. The second pulse can easily be delayed by changing the length o f the light path before generating the micropla-sma.
This group includes the electronic Raman effect 195-197), the observation of Raman scattering in metals 198) where the scattering quasi particles are phonons, Raman studies of vibrational spectra in semiconductor crystals 199), or the resonance Raman effect 200-202). ~) Electronic Raman Effect Electronic Raman spectroscopy is a relatively new branch of emission spectroscopy and, (except for one early investigation by Rasetti in 1930 on NO 203), was unknown until 1963, when Houghen and Singh reported electronic Raman transitions from a single crystal of PrC12 204).