By Paul A. J. Hardy
This e-book offers a concise and carefully sensible advisor to the administration of power ache and as such will function an invaluable guide for a huge spectrum of healthcare execs together with junior health facility medical professionals, nursing employees and common practitioners.
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Extra info for Chronic Pain Management: The Essentials
Example text
In the awake adult the presence of pain is relatively easy to assess but in the unconscious, the very young or the otherwise incompetent patient in whom simple communication is difficult then it may be imperative to rely on changes in physiological functions. Pain may produce reflex autonomic changes such as increases in heart rate or blood pressure, increased respiratory rate or dilation of the pupils and sweating. The problem with these changes is that they may also occur for reasons other than pain per se.
Pain management" is concerned with the reduction of suffering and enhanced quality of life rather than a reduction in the pain complaint. Pain management is central to the treatment of chronic, that is long duration, pain. Several aspects of the pain treatment are important but are frequently overlooked. Many factors are involved in medical treatment which are not specific. Reduction in pain due to a non-specific action of the treatment, the placebo action is common and may occur in up to 100% of cases treated.
Once administered drug cannot be withdrawn which may produce problems with overdose. Skill is required for administration to avoid damaging other structures, for example nerves, and to avoid vascular injections. It is not a site for continuous administration since needles and catheters will move with the underlying tissues. e) Intravenous Intravenous injection of drug allows instant access to the vascular component with rapid entry into the tissues. Due to the relatively preferential perfusion of the central component of nervous system and cardiovascular systems there is rapid onset of action with higher peak concentrations than with the intramuscular route.