By Richard E. Mark, M. Bruce Lyne, Jens Borch
Scientists from educational and the paper bring together as many facets of trying out homes of paper as attainable right into a vast connection with aid those who plan, specify, and overview the actual and mechanical trying out of paper fabric make the most of the various advancements in recent times. An preliminary essay in every one quantity discusses the self sufficient invention and frequent use of paper in Mesoamerica starting someday earlier than advert 660. the 2 volumes are paged and listed individually, yet don't appear to be topically specific. the 1st variation, instruction manual of actual and Mechanical checking out of Paper and Paperboard seemed in 1983; the second one includes 30 chapters, a 3rd of that are new and the others considerably revised, up-to-date, and accelerated.
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Example text
The sample must also be representative of the sheet that was measured by the sensor. High frequency machine direction variations can make dynamic calibration dif®cult. In many cases, dynamic testing tends to be more effective but also more time-consuming. However, it usually warrants the extra effort [6,25]. Pro®le Testing Pro®le testing of a scanning system or a full-web system can only be done dynamically. A sample across the full width of the reel is taken, with the corresponding readings taken from the computer of the scanning sensor.
Care must also be taken to prevent excessive buildup of ®bers and other materials on the sensors, because they can cause erroneous readings. Caliper measurements have taken several different forms. The most common is the air bearing/proximity sensor devices. To accurately measure the caliper, the air bearing is used to accurately position one side of the sheet and the distance from the proximity sensor to the other side of the sheet is measured, thus determining the caliper. Earlier designs required a light constant pressure on a backing plate, which could be a source of machine breaks.
With this dynamic method, care must be taken in the handling of the samples to ensure that the laboratory test is measuring the same area of the sheet and that the property of the sheet being measured has not changed between the sampling time and the testing time. The sample must also be representative of the sheet that was measured by the sensor. High frequency machine direction variations can make dynamic calibration dif®cult. In many cases, dynamic testing tends to be more effective but also more time-consuming.