By R. Szekely
This e-book comprises an unique research of the existential there-sentence from a philosophical-linguistic point of view. At its center is the declare that there-sentences' shape is special from that of normal subject–predicate sentences, and that this primary distinction explains the construction's strange grammatical and discourse houses.
Read Online or Download Truth without Predication: The Role of Placing in the Existential There-Sentence PDF
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Extra resources for Truth without Predication: The Role of Placing in the Existential There-Sentence
Sample text
Therefore, although I take the original Brentano distinction between thetic and categorical sentences to be a precursor to many of the ideas explored here, I do not use this terminology. There-sentences and the subject–predicate form As summarized in previous sections, the traditional Aristotelian notions of subject and predicate have been replaced in formal semantics with function–argument structure, and in the syntax, subject and predicate are structural relations. But although the notion of subject and predicate has been updated in these ways, the question of whether all sentences take the same form persists.
P. Ramsay, in his “Universals” (1925), again raises objections to the subject–predicate distinction. He says of the theories of Russell and Johnson: Both the disputed theories make an important assumption, which, to my mind, has only to be questioned to be doubted. They assume a fundamental antithesis between subject and predicate, that if a proposition consists of two terms copulated, these two terms must be functioning in different ways, one as subject, the other as predicate. (5) He goes on to make an argument quite similar to Frege’s, discussed above, namely that the subject and predicate of a given proposition may easily be reversed (for example, his “Socrates is wise” and “Wisdom is a characteristic of Socrates”) and that if any proposition can be so reversed, there is no reason to claim a basic division between subject and predicate.
To place a feature is not to say something about an individual that has been individuated from others of the kind. Similarly, to predicate something of a stage of an individual does not mean that this property holds of the individual throughout its movements in time and space. 6 The story Carlson tells captures the transition from nonindividuated appearances of what might be one or more instances of particular features to the moment when continued appearances lead one to consider them appearances of the same object: You are on a picnic and have begun to eat.