By Gunloeg Josefsson
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Extra resources for The Acquisition of Swedish Grammar (Language Acquisition & Language Disorders)
Example text
B 2;5) ska vi gå ner? inf down? (in the morning, the bedroom is upstairs, the kitchen downstairs) The material in general is very sporadic when it comes to imp. But there are some instances from this period, as in (23) (kom ‘come’). Compare also (26) to (8) above, both utterances having the same verb (hjälpa ‘help’) in two different forms, inf (hjälpa) and imp (hjälp), but with the same temporal meaning. imp me it sits-pres firm star-def (‘help me mummy, the star is stuck’; when he wants his mother to help him remove a star-shaped piece of a jigsaw puzzle) Since the int fut marker is acquired relatively late during the inflected basic stage, the root infinitive remains as expression for the temporal type “intentional/modal future” a couple of months after the “formal explosion”.
Hansson 1998). In the first conjugation pres ends with -ar. If the child frequently does not pronounce -r at all (as was the case with Balder at least up till the age of 4) the form will coincide with inf. Ambiguous instances are not included in either the formal or the semantic analysis. To be more specific, from the period where no verbs at all occur with present tense ending, all verbs ending with an -a count as inf, regardless of conjugation. From the time when verbs of the second and fourth conjugation first occur in pres, no verbs of the first conjugation ending with an -a will be accounted for as pres, and as inf only if the verb is preceded by a model or an auxiliary.
Above): (16) villa inte sova egen säng (H 2;0) vill-a inte sova egen säng want-inf? inf own bed (when he is supposed to take a nap in his own bed in the afternoon) Past event. There are utterances from the root infinitive stage where the context would demand perf or past in adult language, and they are quite well represented. As the relation between the utterance and the event referred to is implicit, it is meaningless to try to delimit clear-cut subtypes. But the past event referred to can be recent or remote, clearly resultative or not.