Neuroendocrinology. Volume II by Luciano Martini and William F. Ganong (Eds.)

By Luciano Martini and William F. Ganong (Eds.)

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It has been suggested that this blockade is related to the inability of the operated animal to synthesize and secrete melatonin, a highly potent melanophore-lightening agent. ] The melatonin-forming enzyme, hydroxyindole-O-methyl transferase (HIOMT) is indeed present in the amphibian pineal; however it is not confined to this structure: HIOMT activity has also been identified in frog brain and eye (Axelrod et ah, 1965a). It has not yet been demonstrated that melatonin (or any other methoxyindole) is actually secreted into the circulation of the amphibian from any of its possible sites of synthesis.

Wilson (personal communication, 1964) studied the effect of various lighting regimens on testis growth in young Japanese quail. He found that 4L : 20D, 8L :16D, and 12L : 12D were nonstimulatory; 14L : 10D, 16L : 8D, and 24L all caused growth, in order of increasing efficacy. , 6L : 6D, 6L : 6D, 4L : 4D . . , 3L : 3D . . ), the rate of testis growth increased as a function of the number of light periods. 3. Polyestrous and Menstrual Rhythms These rhythms constitute a third kind of endocrine cycle in mammals that ovulate spontaneously; they are analogous to the daily egg-laying cycle of domestic fowl.

It is apparent that much of the energy emitted by this light source is wasted as nonvisible heat rays. "Cool white" fluorescent bulbs emit waves of 3800 Â-7500 A, peaking at 6000 A; this range provides a close approximation of the visual spectrum. The sun and both incandescent and fluorescent bulbs thus emit essentially all the light waves which can activate mammalian retinal photoreceptors. To determine whether the photoreceptors involved in the "photosexual reflex" of ducks differed from those utilized for vision, Benoit and colleagues studied the efficacy of different monochromatic light sources in stimulating testicular growth.

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