By Esam N. Khalil
Grounding in English and Arabic information Discourse explores the discourse idea of grounding (viz. the foreground-background structure), and examines it within the quite a few buildings that take place briefly information texts. A text-level method of grounding and the differentiation among a number of center strategies with regards to a number of the textual and non-textual buildings, distinguish the booklet from different techniques within the box. A Read more...
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Additional info for Grounding in English and Arabic News Discourse
Example text
THE FOREGROUND-BACKGROUND STRUCTURE 35 6. Properties specific to text-type are assumed to determine the way events and states of affairs are evaluated and referred to in propositions that vary in grounding values. In news discourse, events must fulfil several conditions such as meaningfulness and unexpectedness (see Galtung and Ruge 1973) in order to get into the news, that is, to be selected for expression propositionally and sententially. In addition to these conditions, the specific properties of the short news item (see Chapter 1) may dictate further conditions, for example reference to one single event in a foreground proposition.
That both are excluded from the news text means that declarative sentences do not manifest any interaction between them — conforming to the way both writers and readers look at this type of text. I will briefly describe two main traits of the short news item: compactness and discontinuity. Though distinct from each other inasmuch as they pertain respectively to the form and the content of the text, the two features are related and, as will become apparent, constrain the propositional content assigned to schema categories, the size of these categories, their organization and relative salience as well as the syntactic structure of sentences.
2 Discourse Grounding The preceding analysis shows that coherence has to do with the organization of meaning in text at the levels of generality and specificity: what is the topic and what is more detailed meaning, as well as local, sequential relations. Coherence, then, tells us how facts are related in models or reality. It is therefore a minimum requirement of textuality. But coherence does not have a dynamic aspect of meaning so as to distinguish between propositions as regards their grounding values.