By Shapere A., Wilczek F. (eds.)
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Extra info for Geometric Phases in Physics (Advanced Series in Mathematical Physics, Vol 5)
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9: 766. 2 Phosphor Quantum Dots Debasis Bera, Lei Qian and Paul H. 1 INTRODUCTION The word ‘phosphor’ comes from the Greek language and means ‘light bearer’, to describe light-emitting or luminescent materials; barium sulfide is one of the earlier known naturally occurring phosphors [1]. A phosphor is luminescent, that is, it emits energy from an excited electron as light. The excitation of the electron is caused by absorption of energy from an external source such as another electron, a photon or an electric field.
The boundaries as to when a material has the properties of bulk, Qdot or atoms, are dependent upon the composition and crystal structure of the compound or elemental solid. g. g. g. Qdots. Although each of these categories shows interesting optical properties, our discussion will be focused on quantum dots, or Qdots. An enormous range of fundamental properties can be realized by changing the size at a constant composition. 3 Schematic illustration of the changes of the density of quantum states (DOS) with changes in the number of atoms in materials (see text for detailed explanation).
A phosphor is luminescent, that is, it emits energy from an excited electron as light. The excitation of the electron is caused by absorption of energy from an external source such as another electron, a photon or an electric field. An excited electron occupies a quantum state whose energy is above the minimum energy ground state. In semiconductors and insulators, the electronic ground state is commonly referred to electrons in the valence band, which is completely filled with these electrons. 1).