Compendium of Practical Astronomy: Volume 1: Instrumentation by W. D. Heintz (auth.), Dipl.-Kfm. Günter Dietmar Roth (eds.)

By W. D. Heintz (auth.), Dipl.-Kfm. Günter Dietmar Roth (eds.)

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The control unit does no actual processing but instead reads and interprets the instructions contained within a program, and thereby directs other machines to execute the necessary program steps. The arithmetic-logic unit is also contained within the CPU, and performs all processing--ca1culations, comparisons, or decisions-made by the computer. During processing, the data is moved from temporary storage within the CPU to the arithmetic-logic unit. 3. Storage. The storage component is the equivalent of human memory and is, as the name suggests, responsible for storing data until it can be retrieved at high speed by the CPU.

148) sin(IO%05) + cos(48? 685845. ll9. Next, using Eq. 7a), . 698) The azimuth follows as A = 0 73 556 . 9 . = 47%936 = 47°41~6, which completes the calculation. 1]. 5 Other Coordinate Systems Apart from the systems of coordinates referred to the horizon and to the equator, there are two other coordinate systems which are used in astronomy: ecliptic coordinates and galactic coordinates. 1 The System o/the Ecliptic. In the ecliptic coordinate system the fundamental plane is the ecliptic itself. The ecliptic latitude {3 is measured at right angles from the ecliptic to the north and the south, running from 0° to ±90°, and the ecliptic longitude A starts at the vernal equinox and runs from 0° to 360° in the same eastward sense as the right ascension.

3 and the Supplemental Reading List for Vol. 1, respectively. 2 The Coordinates A point on a sphere is defined by two coordinates, assuming that the coordinate system itself is uniquely defined. There are several kinds of coordinate systems in spherical astronomy, and the most important ones will be dealt with in this chapter. 1 Geographic Coordinates With the exception of space-based observations, observers work from a point on the Earth's surface defined by three coordinates: 10 F. Schmeidler Fig.

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