Basic Cantonese: A Grammar and Workbook (Grammar Workbooks) by Virginia Yip

By Virginia Yip

I really personal the difficult reproduction yet sought after the booklet model for my ipad library for comfort. I wasn't too satisfied whilst i realized that every one of the textual content (though the photographs have it) didn't contain tone marks for the 1st (high pitch) tone...rendering the publication lifeless to any learner. To the editor: Please repair and resend or provide us again our funds!

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Extra info for Basic Cantonese: A Grammar and Workbook (Grammar Workbooks)

Sample text

Yàhndeih tái-jyuh léih Mhóu chou yàhndeih People are watching you Don’t disturb (other) people This form can also be used to refer indirectly to oneself: A: Léih dímgáai m q h ch%%ut s%%ng ga? Why don’t you say anything? B: Yàhndeih mhóuyisi a Maybe I’m embarrassed (ii) In contracted forms with names, as in: Paul kéuihdeih → Paul-deih Paul and his family/friends A-Chán kéuihdeih → A-Chán-deih Chan and his family/company, etc. Using pronouns Pronouns are used to refer to individuals, as in introductions: Ngóh giu Stephen Ngóh haih go hohks&&ang Kéuih haih Méihgwokyàhn Ngóhdeih haih yàuhhaak My name is Stephen I’m a student He’s American We’re tourists As in many languages (such as Italian, Spanish and Japanese) pronouns can be omitted when they are understood from the context.

Where are you going? B: F&&an *kkéi (lit. return home) I’m going home *ng ga? A: A-Y((ng jouh m&&tyéh g* (lit. ) What does Ying do for a living? Unit 4 19 B: Jouh wuhsih ge (lit. does nurse) She’s a nurse Note that this also applies to objects, as in the following cases: A: Yám- mh-yám ` jáu a? (lit. ) Would you like some wine? ` yám la, mg) )i saai B: Mh (lit. not drink, thanks a lot) I won’t, thanks A: N(( go sung béi léih ge (lit. this give to you) This is for you )jeh! Ngóh hóu j* *ngyi a!

There are dozens of different classifiers, from the ubiquitous go to very * ‘the book’. As the term suggests, specific items like bún in bún sy* classifiers generally serve to sort nouns into semantic classes of objects: Classifier bá ga g&&an gihn go Semantic class tools, instruments machines, vehicles buildings most clothes people abstract things jek most animals one of a pair Examples )u bá d) ga ch%% g&&an *k gihn s&&am y&&t go y((s&&ng n(( go kyutdihng y&&t go muhng jek gáu y&&t jek sáu knife the car the house shirt, dress a doctor this decision a dream a dog one hand A further important criterion is that many common classifiers categorize objects by their shape: Classifier faai *k f* j%%ung j(( Characteristics vertical surface square/rectangular flat surface cylindrical Examples y&&t faai geng *k wá y&&t f* y&&t j%%ung tói j(( b&&t a mirror a picture a table a pen/pencil Unit 8 l&&p tìuh small and round long and narrow y&&t l&&p tóng tìuh louh 39 a sweet the road The shape criterion can override the semantic class criterion, so that animals and items of clothing distinguished by their elongated shape take tìuh, rather than jek or gihn: tìuh yú tìuh sèh fish snake tìuh kwàhn tìuh fu skirt/dress trousers The appropriate classifier (or measure) can usually be checked in a dictionary, although it should be borne in mind that alternative classifiers may exist for the same noun.

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